See borgh on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "borgh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "borwe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "County Durham Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Leicestershire Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northumberland Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Suffolk Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Riding Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiltshire Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "93 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "95 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of borwe"
],
"id": "en-borgh-enm-noun-JWw8BBw3",
"links": [
[
"borwe",
"borwe#Middle_English"
]
],
"qualifier": "County Durham or Northumberland; West Riding; County Durham or Northumberland; West Riding",
"raw_glosses": [
"(County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding) alternative form of borwe"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "borgh"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "borg"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "non",
"3": "borg"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse borg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burgz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ᛒᚮᚱᚵᚼ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "borgh f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fortification, stronghold"
],
"id": "en-borgh-gmq-osw-noun-M4U6c-a0",
"links": [
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We are the protectors of the eternal memory of Constantinople, we will not simply give up on the city even if death soon takes us, with ax in hand we protect the city",
"roman": "Wī ærom wæriara Miklagarths minnis æwærilds, wī frø̄gnom ey borghena thō dø̄dhen brat take oss, mædh øxo i hændi wæriom wī borghena",
"text": "2023, Skaldic Bard, The Last Varangians - Song in Old Swedish (yt)",
"translation": "We are the protectors of the eternal memory of Constantinople, we will not simply give up on the city even if death soon takes us, with ax in hand we protect the city",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"city"
],
"id": "en-borgh-gmq-osw-noun-EaYsI0Er",
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "borgh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Swedish feminine nouns",
"Old Swedish i-stem nouns",
"Old Swedish lemmas",
"Old Swedish nouns",
"Old Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Old Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "borgh",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "borwe"
}
],
"categories": [
"County Durham Middle English",
"Leicestershire Middle English",
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Northumberland Middle English",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Suffolk Middle English",
"West Riding Middle English",
"Wiltshire Middle English"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of borwe"
],
"links": [
[
"borwe",
"borwe#Middle_English"
]
],
"qualifier": "County Durham or Northumberland; West Riding; County Durham or Northumberland; West Riding",
"raw_glosses": [
"(County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding) alternative form of borwe"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "borgh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Swedish feminine nouns",
"Old Swedish i-stem nouns",
"Old Swedish lemmas",
"Old Swedish nouns",
"Old Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Old Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"word": "borg"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "non",
"3": "borg"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse borg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burgz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ᛒᚮᚱᚵᚼ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "borgh f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Swedish",
"lang_code": "gmq-osw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fortification, stronghold"
],
"links": [
[
"fortification",
"fortification"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Swedish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "We are the protectors of the eternal memory of Constantinople, we will not simply give up on the city even if death soon takes us, with ax in hand we protect the city",
"roman": "Wī ærom wæriara Miklagarths minnis æwærilds, wī frø̄gnom ey borghena thō dø̄dhen brat take oss, mædh øxo i hændi wæriom wī borghena",
"text": "2023, Skaldic Bard, The Last Varangians - Song in Old Swedish (yt)",
"translation": "We are the protectors of the eternal memory of Constantinople, we will not simply give up on the city even if death soon takes us, with ax in hand we protect the city",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"city"
],
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "borgh"
}
Download raw JSONL data for borgh meaning in All languages combined (3.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: County Durham or Northumberland; Leicestershire, Suffolk, Wiltshire, West Riding",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Old Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Old Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 17"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"borgh"
],
"section": "Old Swedish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "borgh",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.